WEST ORANGE, N.J. (AP) - The bald eagle, America's national bird, is experiencing a resurgence after being removed from the endangered species list in the early 2000s. Their population has seen a remarkable increase, with New Jersey recently reporting a rise from just one nesting pair in the 1980s to approximately 300 today. This recovery is attributed to various conservation efforts including the banning of DDT, a harmful insecticide that contributed to the decline of eagle populations across the country.
In December, President Joe Biden signed legislation formalizing the bald eagle's status as the national bird, an acknowledgment that many believed was already established due to its depiction on the national seal. New Jersey's decision to delist the bald eagle aligns with this growing recognition of the species, celebrating its come-back from the brink of extinction. This improvement coincides with the Philadelphia Eagles' Super Bowl bid, further intertwining the cultural symbolism of the bird with American football.
The recovery of the bald eagle is a complex story. The prohibition of DDT in 1972 was pivotal, as the chemical had caused thinning of eagle eggshells, leading to reproductive failures. To restore their populations, conservationists not only protected existing nests but also relocated eagles from stable populations, including those in Canada. Techniques such as the artificial incubation of eggs were also employed. Kathy Clark, head of New Jersey’s Endangered and Nongame Species Program, outlines how these eagles have become a conservation success story and stress the importance of ongoing awareness about their journey.
Maia Edwards from the American Bald Eagle Foundation in Alaska emphasizes the adaptability of bald eagles, noting their presence in densely populated regions like suburban New Jersey. Observations of one fledgling eagle flourishing in an urban environment exemplify this adaptability. However, the urbanization poses challenges, as the birds face risks from vehicles and habitat loss. Jilian Fazio, director of the Essex County Turtle Back Zoo, reports numerous eagle rescues, highlighting ongoing threats such as habitat preservation and water quality issues critical for their survival.
Beyond their ecological significance, bald eagles have gained increased popularity and reverence among various groups, including Native Americans who regard them as powerful symbols. Recent legislative efforts that conferred national bird status included contributions from diverse interest groups, uniting them in support for the species. The bald eagle serves as an "umbrella species," indicating that protecting their habitats also benefits a plethora of other wildlife.
Birdwatchers like Dan Day share the thrill of spotting bald eagles, reflecting a rekindled public interest in these majestic birds. The excitement of encountering one in the wild has become a symbol of hope and renewal. However, experts urge the public to enjoy observing these iconic birds while maintaining a respectful distance, highlighting the ongoing challenges in conservation efforts. Clark reiterates the importance of vigilance regarding the species, especially in light of avian influenza threats that could impact their population.
